As the rock fractured and the two sides moved against each other, cavities were created, partly filled with broken rock ( fault breccia and fault gouge ).
2.
Water falls upstream, runs into the fault and this impermeable layer of claylike fault gouge, and-- instead of continuing to flow underground toward the Salton Sea-- comes to the surface.
3.
Zones of fault breccia and fault gouge in rocks can be a hazard for the construction of tunnels and mines, as the non-cohesive zones form weak places in the rock where a tunnel can collapse more easily.
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